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1. New Research Results Explain How Dormant Tumor Cells Become Active in Later Years
(Posted: 08/01/2008) - Scientists using a three-dimensional cell culture system have identified a mechanism by which dormant, metastatic tumor cells can begin growing again after long periods of inactivity. The new findings indicate that the switch from dormancy to proliferative, metastatic growth may be regulated, in part, through signaling from the surrounding microenvironment, which leads to changes in the skeletal architecture of dormant tumor cells. Targeting this mechanism may also provide strategies for inhibiting the switch from dormancy to proliferation.
2. Imaging Techniques Yield New Information on How HIV Infects Cells and Provides Clues to Vaccine Design
(Posted: 07/30/2008) - The use of advanced imaging techniques has allowed researchers to visualize how a key part of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) changes shape after binding to immune system cells or to infection-fighting antibodies. Although scientists had been able to visualize individual components of this part of the virus, called the HIV spike, the new research characterizes, for the first time, the structure of the intact spike on virus particles, which is a crucial piece of knowledge that may aid the design of new vaccines or drugs to fight HIV infection.
 
3. Laboratory and Mouse Studies Show Targeted Drug Blocks the Growth of Breast Cancer Cells that Spread to the Brain
(Posted: 07/29/2008) - Using laboratory and mouse models of human breast cancer, researchers have found that a small molecule capable of targeting specific proteins on the surface of breast cancer cells can inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells that migrate to the brain.
4. Researchers Develop a Method to Evaluate Variations Identified in Breast Cancer Susceptibility Genes
(Posted: 07/06/2008) - Using mouse embryonic stem cells, researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health, have developed a new method to evaluate which mutations, or changes, in a gene known to increase breast cancer susceptibility, may lead to cancer.
5. How to Move Cancer Research Forward: Public/Private Partnerships - a NCI Science Writer's Seminar
(Posted: 07/01/2008) - Please join us for a science writers' seminar to discuss public/private partnerships in cancer research. Among the topics discussed will be working with industry to develop new drugs; cancer vaccine development and business barriers; working with small businesses to develop new technologies to catch cancer in its earliest stages; and intellectual property rights and technology transfer issues related to new genetic tests. The seminar will be in a classroom setting with ample time for Q&A and interaction during the talks.
6. Yeast-Based Vaccine Induces Immune Responses and Reduces Tumor Size in Mice
(Posted: 07/01/2008) - Scientists have found that vaccination with a heat-killed, nontoxic yeast that is genetically engineered to manufacture a common tumor protein can induce specific and repeated anti-tumor immune responses in mice. Vaccination extends overall survival and reduces tumor size in mice that have been injected with cancer cells displaying the same protein that was engineered into the yeast.
7. Study Shows That Small Protein Can Broaden Immune Response in Humans
(Posted: 06/23/2008) - Treating cancer patients with interleukin-7, a small protein that can stimulate the immune system, leads to an increase in lymphocytes which are key to the production of effective immune responses in the body, according to a new study by researchers at the NCI.
8. Blocking a Single Protein Proves Toxic to Myeloma Cells in Laboratory Studies
(Posted: 06/23/2008) - Researchers have found that cells from a blood-borne cancer called multiple myeloma rely on the activity of a single protein, IRF4, for the activation of a wide range of genes responsible for cell survival and spread. Blocking the production of this protein can be strikingly effective in eliminating cancer cells in laboratory models of multiple myeloma.
9. Biennial Cancer Survivorship Research Conference Aims to Improve Quality of Life for Cancer Survivors and Their Families
(Posted: 06/20/2008) - According to research presented today, many older cancer patients can tolerate more aggressive treatment than they typically receive, and age, income, and education all can impact the physical health of cancer caregivers. More than 400 of the nation's leading experts in cancer survivorship have convened for Cancer Survivorship Research: Mapping the New Challenges, where these and other findings about living with and beyond cancer are being presented this week.
10. NCI Scientists Visualize Gene Regulation in Living Cells
(Posted: 05/22/2008) - A research team led by scientists at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), has applied advanced imaging methods and computer simulations to be able to glance at the regulation of a cancer-related gene in a living cell.
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